日志
Olympic development and crisis (1945-1980)
The Second World War was unprecedented in human history, the scale of the war in the world more than 60 countries and regions more than 20 million people have involvement. 1940 and 1944 Olympic Games was forced to cancel two. After World War II appeared complex and changeable international situation, such as the two major blocs of the Cold War pattern of the formation of national liberation movements in Asia, Africa, such as the surging. World is a new pattern for the development of the Olympic movement, it also set up obstacles.
After the war, the Olympic movement has a series of new changes. Olympics scale of the project increase. After the war ended the 1948 Olympic Games from the 59 countries of the 4062 Olympic athletes in 136 projects competition, in 1972, there are 121 National Olympic Committees sent 7,121 athletes, 195 participated in the project competition. Winter Olympics athletes participating in 1948 by the number of 28 to 369 members of the 35 member states in 1972 were 1006. In the Olympic Games at the same time expanding the scale, the level of competitive sports rapid increase, there has been the odd Gymnasts Coma, athlete Moses, Mongolia, and a group than superstar 8.90 meters and the long jump this incredible record. 1960 Ethiopia's Abebe was barefoot marathon champion, marked the start of developing countries in the Olympic sports show of force. To host the Olympic Games is no longer confined to Europe and the Americas.
1956 and 1964 respectively, in Melbourne, Australia, Oceania and Asia, Tokyo Japan's hosting of the 16 and 18 Olympic Games.
During this period an event has attracted the most attention is 1979 in the People's Republic of China resumed its legitimate Olympic Movement in the seats, not only for China providing a broad sports in the international arena, China has promoted the development of sports and society , but also for the Olympic movement has also had a very important role.
The rapid development of the Olympic movement has also led to a series of new problems, the main ones being: 1. Political changes in the pattern of the impact of the Olympic Games. Since the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games, the impact of politics on the Olympic Games has entered a new stage. Socialism and capitalism and political systems of conflict, racism and the struggle against racism, all kinds of ideological confrontation, and so on, have had a profound impact on the Olympic Games. At the same time, the terrorists for political purposes, the Olympic Games will begin as their target of the attack, the 1972 Munich Olympic Games is one example. For political reasons and the boycott of the Olympic Games continuous scale is growing. 2. Commercialization of sports and athletes career began to accelerate the process. Since the mid-1960s, the Olympic Games, as a cultural commodity trends has been the emerging nature of the International Olympic Committee's "amateur" of the ban have been repeatedly touched, the Olympic Games, with the economy and the combination of a strong momentum, impossible. Olympic Games in fraud on the rise. First of all, the abuse of prohibited drugs is becoming increasingly serious, in 1960 Rome Olympic Games in the history of the first case of doping athletes killed by the accident, stimulants begun to attract people's attention. Secondly, in the women's competition there have been characteristics of the male athletes, the athletes of gender issues has also become the object of people's attention. 3. Olympic economic crisis. With the expansion of the Olympic Games, the need to host the Olympic Games, financial, and material resources, such as the sharp increase in investment, and existing funding far from being able to meet the needs of hosting the Olympic Games, coupled with the hosting of the Olympic Games on the living environment of local residents affected, some residents opposed to their city to host the Olympic Games, such as the United States city of Denver had to be a result has been the successful bid to host the 1972 Winter Olympics returned from the International Olympic Committee elected city. For hosting the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games and debt-ridden. To the late 1970s, the city is willing to host the Olympic Games in Los Angeles only one. At that time, the International Olympic Committee on the post-war society and the profound changes in the Olympic community since the 1960s, large-scale, comprehensive lack of understanding of the new trends, insisted the closure pattern formed over the years, refused with other international organizations and government agencies dealing with so as to maintain its "independence" and refused to business in the Olympic Games, the Olympic Games in order to maintain the "purity ', so that the Olympic movement seriously departed from the community. IOC conservative and rigid and it exacerbated the International Sports Federation and the National Olympic Committee of contradictions, in order to gather their forces, international federations, in 1967 the establishment of the International Federations Association, the country's National Olympic Committee in 1979 also set up the National Olympic Committee will Association.
Olympic cooperation between the three pillars of a dangerous rift, they were discussing important matters, communication Olympic behalf of the General Assembly since 1930 has been a dormant since. In addition, despite the large number of new World War II by an independent third-world countries to join the Olympic movement, but Brundage President of the International Olympic Committee 20 years increased by only six members of the International Olympic Committee, by the voice of developing countries ignored. Thus, since the late 1960s, the International Olympic Committee Nawaijiaokun, precarious, all of its assets in 1972 to only District 2 million US dollars. Savings of the Olympic movement has long been the development of various kinds of contradictions to be resolved level. The old model has been powerless, and the new model, the operation of the new mechanism has been set up. 1972, Irish Jilaning succeed Brundage as the sixth President of the IOC, the prelude to the reform.
Jilaning serving eight years changed the Olympic movement is to open the closed period of transition, the International Olympic Committee began to examine the Olympic movement and social relations. Formation of the 19th century amateur principles and the Olympic movement, independent of the political views of the formation of the people's thinking and imprison begun to relax. Although this eight-year process of reform. of the Olympic movement is slow, but for the next stage of drastic reforms Samaranch made the necessary preparations.
Link URL: http://shaoguodong.com/default.asp?id=258
After the war, the Olympic movement has a series of new changes. Olympics scale of the project increase. After the war ended the 1948 Olympic Games from the 59 countries of the 4062 Olympic athletes in 136 projects competition, in 1972, there are 121 National Olympic Committees sent 7,121 athletes, 195 participated in the project competition. Winter Olympics athletes participating in 1948 by the number of 28 to 369 members of the 35 member states in 1972 were 1006. In the Olympic Games at the same time expanding the scale, the level of competitive sports rapid increase, there has been the odd Gymnasts Coma, athlete Moses, Mongolia, and a group than superstar 8.90 meters and the long jump this incredible record. 1960 Ethiopia's Abebe was barefoot marathon champion, marked the start of developing countries in the Olympic sports show of force. To host the Olympic Games is no longer confined to Europe and the Americas.
1956 and 1964 respectively, in Melbourne, Australia, Oceania and Asia, Tokyo Japan's hosting of the 16 and 18 Olympic Games.
During this period an event has attracted the most attention is 1979 in the People's Republic of China resumed its legitimate Olympic Movement in the seats, not only for China providing a broad sports in the international arena, China has promoted the development of sports and society , but also for the Olympic movement has also had a very important role.
The rapid development of the Olympic movement has also led to a series of new problems, the main ones being: 1. Political changes in the pattern of the impact of the Olympic Games. Since the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games, the impact of politics on the Olympic Games has entered a new stage. Socialism and capitalism and political systems of conflict, racism and the struggle against racism, all kinds of ideological confrontation, and so on, have had a profound impact on the Olympic Games. At the same time, the terrorists for political purposes, the Olympic Games will begin as their target of the attack, the 1972 Munich Olympic Games is one example. For political reasons and the boycott of the Olympic Games continuous scale is growing. 2. Commercialization of sports and athletes career began to accelerate the process. Since the mid-1960s, the Olympic Games, as a cultural commodity trends has been the emerging nature of the International Olympic Committee's "amateur" of the ban have been repeatedly touched, the Olympic Games, with the economy and the combination of a strong momentum, impossible. Olympic Games in fraud on the rise. First of all, the abuse of prohibited drugs is becoming increasingly serious, in 1960 Rome Olympic Games in the history of the first case of doping athletes killed by the accident, stimulants begun to attract people's attention. Secondly, in the women's competition there have been characteristics of the male athletes, the athletes of gender issues has also become the object of people's attention. 3. Olympic economic crisis. With the expansion of the Olympic Games, the need to host the Olympic Games, financial, and material resources, such as the sharp increase in investment, and existing funding far from being able to meet the needs of hosting the Olympic Games, coupled with the hosting of the Olympic Games on the living environment of local residents affected, some residents opposed to their city to host the Olympic Games, such as the United States city of Denver had to be a result has been the successful bid to host the 1972 Winter Olympics returned from the International Olympic Committee elected city. For hosting the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games and debt-ridden. To the late 1970s, the city is willing to host the Olympic Games in Los Angeles only one. At that time, the International Olympic Committee on the post-war society and the profound changes in the Olympic community since the 1960s, large-scale, comprehensive lack of understanding of the new trends, insisted the closure pattern formed over the years, refused with other international organizations and government agencies dealing with so as to maintain its "independence" and refused to business in the Olympic Games, the Olympic Games in order to maintain the "purity ', so that the Olympic movement seriously departed from the community. IOC conservative and rigid and it exacerbated the International Sports Federation and the National Olympic Committee of contradictions, in order to gather their forces, international federations, in 1967 the establishment of the International Federations Association, the country's National Olympic Committee in 1979 also set up the National Olympic Committee will Association.
Olympic cooperation between the three pillars of a dangerous rift, they were discussing important matters, communication Olympic behalf of the General Assembly since 1930 has been a dormant since. In addition, despite the large number of new World War II by an independent third-world countries to join the Olympic movement, but Brundage President of the International Olympic Committee 20 years increased by only six members of the International Olympic Committee, by the voice of developing countries ignored. Thus, since the late 1960s, the International Olympic Committee Nawaijiaokun, precarious, all of its assets in 1972 to only District 2 million US dollars. Savings of the Olympic movement has long been the development of various kinds of contradictions to be resolved level. The old model has been powerless, and the new model, the operation of the new mechanism has been set up. 1972, Irish Jilaning succeed Brundage as the sixth President of the IOC, the prelude to the reform.
Jilaning serving eight years changed the Olympic movement is to open the closed period of transition, the International Olympic Committee began to examine the Olympic movement and social relations. Formation of the 19th century amateur principles and the Olympic movement, independent of the political views of the formation of the people's thinking and imprison begun to relax. Although this eight-year process of reform. of the Olympic movement is slow, but for the next stage of drastic reforms Samaranch made the necessary preparations.
Link URL: http://shaoguodong.com/default.asp?id=258
